Using the example of the abert’s and kaibab squirrels, describe what happened to them at each stage of their speciation. 50 points

How does a lytic infection differ from a lysogenic infection?

Female luna moths (actias luna) attract males by emitting chemical signals that spread through the air. a male hundreds of meters away can detect these molecules and fly toward their source. the sensory organs responsible for this behavior are the comblike antennae visible in the photograph shown here. each filament of an antenna is equipped with thousands of receptor cells that detect the sex attractant. based on what you learned in this chapter, propose a hypothesis to account for the ability of the male moth to detect a specific molecule in the presence of many other molecules in the air. what predictions does your hypothesis make? design an experiment to test one of these predictions.

Assume that you are interested in separating short (200-400 bp) dna molecules from a pool of longer molecules in the 10,000-20,000 nucleotide range. you have two recipes for making your polyacrylamide gels: one recipe uses 1.5 percent agarose and would be considered a “hard gel,” while the other uses 0.5 percent agarose and would be considered a loose gel. which gel should you use to separate the short (200-400 bp) dna molecules from a pool of longer molecules in the 10,000-20,000 nucleotide range?