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why are the galapagos islands important in our understanding of how species adapt to their enviornment?
discuss it's geographic location, what darwin concluded, and the research of the grants.

Darwin’s research showed that finches beaks are different to fit their food source. It also started the theories of evolution and natural selection. The Grant’s research on the Galapagos Islands showed that evolution exists and can happen over a course of two years. They proved Darwin’s theories are true. Since all the plants and animals are native to the islands, they had to adapt to the new food source and climate. Beaks, size, etc. are all changes made to these organisms to be able to live on the islands. 

The Galapagos Islands are located in Ecuador and sit on the Pacific Ocean. The Galapagos Islands were formed from 3 million to 5 million years ago. Volcanic eruptions typically shield volcanoes formed the islands. They are located over a “particularly hot mantel” that causes volcanic activity. The outcome of many eruptions were islands because the left overs were pushed to the surface. The Galapagos islands are pretty big reaching an area of 3,093 miles. The temperatures range from 69 to 84 degrees creating a typically warm climate. 

Darwin studied medicine at age 16, but became fascinated specimens around the globe. He developed theories of natural selection and evolution. While he was on the Galapagos islands, he studied thirteen different species of finches.

 He observed finches and different beak structures. He observed their ability to consume foods such as nuts, bugs, and fruit. He concluded all were related to their beaks. For example, long, slender beaks are good to reach in the flowers of a cactus.

Charles concluded that the finches beaks are examples of adaptive radiation. To fit in the island, they had to adapt to the conditions. This lead to Charles’ theory of natural selection. 

Charles came to the conclusion of evolution and natural selection. Natural selection is the process where organisms adapt to their environment to survive and produce more offspring. Evolution is where different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed. These theories have changed science forever and leave today’s scientists marveling of his theories.

I hope this helps:)

you are certainly talking about this picture:

a: is the label of the white square, it is showing the  replication fork, formed by helicase (d) ==> so it is the site of dna separation and replication 

b: is a new dna brand that is following directly the replication fork, so it is continuous ==> built continuously from 5' to 3

c: dna polymerase cannot replicate dna on its own, it needs the of their proteins, and one of them plays the role of a clamp which fixes  the dna with the dna template and increases  the processivity of the enzyme. ==>   stops polymerase from falling off the  template.

d: is the enzyme responsible for forming the replication fork (helicase) ==> unwinds and separates dna into two strands

e: is the delayed strand, it is built  in the opposite sense of the helicase, so dna will be built in fragments ==> built  fragments from 5' to 3 joins

and finally f: is the enzyme that builds  the new dna strand (dna polymerase) ==>   adds nucleotides to make a new dna helix.

credit: gradman555p98x9p

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explanation: