Tying drug use to factors such as racial prejudice low self-esteem poor socioeconomic status and the high levels of mistrust negativism and defiance found in impoverished areas describes which causal explanation of drug use?

Tying drug use to these factors describes the subcultural view of drug use. This view originates from psychology, and presents a theory that certain groups or subcultures in society are more prone to the life of violence and crime. They connect drug abuse with the subculture itself, saying that people living in these conditions have a tendency to use drugs more often than people with better opportunities. 

If these are the missing choices: a. to determine skin temperature, place the back of your hand against the patient's skin.b. determine body temperature by touching the patient's hands and feet.c. skin temperature will tell you very little about this patient's condition or well-being.d. the patient's skin temperature and color will likely be warm and red.my answer is: a. to determine skin temperature, place the back of your hand against the patient's skin. using the back of the hand to check for temperature rather than the palm is more effective because the back of the hand has more nerves that can feel and transmit the temperature than the palm.