Violent behaviour triggered by stimuli

Membrane vesicles containing an internal sodium chloride (nacl) concentration of 0.14 m are placed into separate beakers each containing a different solution. the first beaker contains 0.14 m sucrose, while the second beaker contains 0.14 m calcium chloride (cacl2). the temperature is 25°c. what is the solute potential inside the vesicles, expressed in units of mpa?

Which of the following cell structures is significantly different between gram- positive and gram-negative bacteria?

The human body needs energy in order to carry out life processes such as breathing. where does the body get this energy? a. from eating food b. from learning about new things c. from lying in the sun d. from sleeping