Earthquake waves that vibrate from side to side and up and down only through solids are known as

The correct answer is secondary waves or S-waves.

Explanation:

The vibration of the earthquake waves that take place from side to side and up and down only via solids are called S-waves or secondary waves. These waves can pass through solids, and be clearer, they flow via rocks and makes them modify their configuration. They are quite robust, however, are not as strong as the primary waves, as they cannot go through gases or liquids.

d. changes in climate and historical records

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