Place the cytokinesis events into the correct category of organism in which the events occurs

Cytokinesis in animals -> [Cleavage furrow, Both daughter cells]

Cytokinesis in plants -> [Cell plate, cell wall, Mitosis thingy]

Cytokinesis is the process of division of cytoplasm at the end of the cell division cycle; both in mitosis or meiosis. Cytokinesis begins in the early stages of mitosis, anaphase and ends in telophase. There are special features of cytokinesis depending on the type of cells, such as prokaryotes, animals or plants.

Cytokinesis in Animal Cells

In animal cells, cytokinesis begins with the cleavage pathway that occurs right on the cell surface in the equatorial region. On the cell surface, there are contractile rings formed from actin microfilaments and myosin that contract. The contraction continues until the stem cells are pinched and split into two completely separate daughter cells.

Cytokinesis in Plant Cells

Cytokinesis in plant cells is significantly different from animal cells due to the presence of semi-rigid cell walls (consisting of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, etc).

Therefore, separation by contractile ring formation is not possible in plant cells. Plant cells produce structures called cell plates, new cell walls from inside to outside cells.

A structure known as a preprophase fiber is an actin filament ring formed during the G2 phase initially determining the cell plate position and direction.

The formation of cell plates begins at anaphase and is guided by a structure called phragmoplast, a collection of microtubules from the mitotic spindle at the center of the cell.

Small vesicles containing polysaccharides and glycoproteins needed for the formation of new cell walls are transported through microtubules to the phragmoplast. Vesicles combine to form plates.

This initial cell plate grows by fusion of vesicles until it reaches the original cell wall to form two separate cells from the cell membrane and middle lamella.

Finally, cellulose microfibrils are accumulated in the matrix of the cell plate to form primary cell walls.

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Cytokinesis ,

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Class: College

Subject: Biology

Keywords: cytokinesis process in animals and plants.

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