HIV is a retrovirus. Which sequence does it use as part of its reproductive cycle?
A. RNA DNA → RNA protein
B. protein
- DNA - RNA → DNA
C. DNA - RNA DNA protein
D. RNA - protein - RNA - DNA

Apopulation has 1000 individuals. over a period of 1 year, 500 newindividuals are born. which equation shows how to calculate the birthrate ofthis population? a. 500 - 1000 = 0.5b. 1000 x 0.5 = 500c. 1000 - 500 = 2d. 1000 + 500 = 1500

Approximately 90% of all cases of polycystic kidney disease are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. the disease is typically related to mutations to genes (pkd1 and pkd2). pkd genes can be found on chromosome 16. the disease occurs in approximately 1: 800 to 1: 1000 people. here is a hypothetical example. the dominant allele d will cause the development of pkd. the recessive allele is known as d. what genotypes would correspond to suffering from pkd? dd, dd what genotypes would correspond to being normal (not suffering from pkd)? dd consider that 1: 1,000 people have pkd in your population of 325million. consider that pkd is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. show you math for all of the following questions: what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is p? what is q? how many people in your population would have pkd?

How is ribosomal rna useful as a molecular clock? a. a large portion of the dna ring is not vital to structure or function, allowing it to accumulate neutral mutations. b. its rate of mutation increases over time as organisms continue to evolve and differentiate from each other. c. a slow mutation rate makes it useful for determining evolutionary relationships between ancient species. d. it is only found in select organisms, making it easier to compare relationships between species that have it.