Which organisms are NOT necessary for secondary succession to begin?

micro/nanoscale topography surface exhibits many prominent properties and is extensively employed in biomedical device, microfluidic device and energy device fabrication. additionally, the clinical applications of biomaterials can be largely expanded with of nanostructured surfaces.

the atmospheric gas that forms a mild acid when dissolved in water is called carbon dioxide. the correct answer is a. 2.) chemical weathering would cause an inscription on a marble headstone to become harder and harder to read over time.

cells spend most of their time in interphase