Measuring Species Diversity Environmental scientists are often interested in evaluating both species richness and species
evenness, so they have come up with indices of species diversity that take both measures into
account. One commonly used index is Shannon's index of diversity. To calculate this index, we must
know the total number of species in a community (n) and, for each species, the proportion of the
individuals in the community that represent that species (p). Once we have this information, we can
calculate Shannon's index (H) by taking the product of each proportion (p) and its natural logarithm
[In (P) and then summing these products, as indicated by the summation symbol (2):
H=-
SpIn (P)
Σ

ans.

gregor john mendel is known for study of inheritance in pea plants. he used garden pea plant for his study, having alternative traits for various characters. he performed cross-breeding in pea plants to check how characters are transmitted between parents to offspring, such as cross between pure tall and pure dwarf plant. mendel studied the inheritance patterns in pea plants for various generations.

thus, the correct answer includes options and f).

the elements of art are the visual tools that the artist uses to create a composition. these are line, shape, color, value, form, texture, and space.

the principles of art and design are balance, contrast, emphasis, movement, pattern, rhythm, and unity/variety.