Which of the following is not an example of mutualism?

Plsss help

D. Conifers and Grasses spreading their pollen with the wind.

Explanation:

Let's start with what mutualism is. Mutualism is when both parties of a relationship benefits. So, when you go to the doctor, this would be mutualism. The doctor is getting paid, and you are getting healthy. Both sides benefit!

Now let's go thrugh out examples.

Moths drinking nectar and pollinating night blossoming flowers: The moths get fed (nectar), and the plants get pollinated (their whole purpose). Both sides benefit.

Bees drinking nectar and pollinating many angiosperms of food supply: This option might seem confusing because of the term angiosperm. I promise it isn't! Ignore angiosperm. Bees are drinking nectar -> they benefit. The other thing is getting pollinated. All plants like getting pollinated, no matter their fancy name. So both sides benefit!

Beekeepers maintaining colonies of bees and moving them to different farms and orchards: This one might also have been hard, because it requires sme critical thinking. Let's look at the beekeepers first. Beekeepers make money off of honey when they have bees, so they benefit. But do bees benefit in this relationship? Yes! Bees like having lots of plants to pick from to get their pollen. By being moved to an area with lots of plants, they get more pollen, so they benefit!

Now, we know the last one HAS to be right. But let's go through it anyways.

Conifers and Grasses spreading their pollen with the wind: Right away we know the conifers and grasses are benefitting. They want to spread their pollen- why else would they do it? But, to be mutualism, another party has to be benefitting. In this equation, there is no other party. Maybe you thought the win, or maybe you thought of the fields. What are they getting out of this relationship? Nothing. This is not mutualism.

Hope this helps and feel free to ask for any more clarification!

transcription is a process in which information is rewritten. it is something our cells must do, in a more specialized and narrowly defined way. in biology, transcription is the process of copying out the dna sequence of a gene in the similar alphabet of rna. it needs to happen in the nucleus because that's where the dna is. dna is always inside the nucleus unless the cell is dividing.

transcription is the first step in gene expression, which involves copying a gene's dna sequence to make an rna molecule. transcription is performed by rna polymerases. it has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. rna molecules must be processed after transcription in eukaryotes.

explanation:

long version:

the protein synthesis consists two processes which are, transcription and translation. transcription takes place in the nucleus. it uses dna as a template to make an rna molecule. rna then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. transcription is the first part of the central dogma of molecular biology: dna → rna. it is the transfer of genetic instructions in dna to messenger rna (mrna). during transcription, a strand of mrna is made that is complementary to a strand of dna.  

these three stages are:

  initiation: in which   is the beginning of transcription.occuring when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

    elongation: in which is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

    termination: in which is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

the relative atomic mass of an element is the mass of one atom of that element, relative to 1/12th of the mass of a  1212c atom. to convert to an absolute mass in kg, it is necessary to multiply by  1.661×10−271.661×10−27.

the relative atomic mass is roughly equal to the number of neutrons, plus the number of protons, in the nucleus of the atom.

for elements with more than one stable isotope (different types of nucleus with different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons), the quoted mass is usually the average mass, weighted by the relative abundance of the different isotopes.