Parts of some plants and animals grow according to the Fibonacci sequence of numbers, developed by an Italian mathematician, in which each number is the sum of the previous two numbers. The shell of the chambered nautilus, the seeds in a sunflower, and pineapples all exhibit a structure called the "Fibonacci spiral". There are three images: a chambered nautilus showing increasingly larger chambers in the shell, a sunflower showing seeds forming a spiral, and a pineapple showing its spiral pattern

A. Cause and Effect: Mechanism and Explanation

B. Systems and System Models

C. Patterns

D. Stability and Change