11. Diabetics are often required to monitor their blood glucose levels to determine if/when they require a shot of insulin. Under what conditions should diabetic
individuals give themselves a shot of insulin?

When blood glucose levels rise beyond the normal level (hyperglycaemia), an insulin injection is needed.

Explanation: This applies to insulin-dependent diabetes, i.e. Type I, where the medical diagnosis is insulin insufficiency. The situation with Type II diabetes is less straightforward.

Insulin is required to enable glucose to be distributed as required, taken up by cells as they need it. Glucose is constantly produced. Without insulin, little glucose is removed from the blood, and the blood glucose concentration rises. The symptoms of this hyperglycaemia include unusual thirst, frequent urination and tiredness. Unless very high levels are reached this may not be severe enough to be noticed, which is why diabetics monitor their blood glucose levels - to avoid those severe episodes. If their blood glucose exceeds normal levels, an insulin injection is needed

answers are:

lysogenic     viral dna merges with host cell dna

lysogenic     no symptoms

lytic               viral dna takes over

lysogenic     virus does not destroy host cell

lytic               virus destroys host cell

lytic               induces symptoms of viral infection

lysogenic       cell reproduces and spreads provirus

more words for this could be abiotic and biotic

abiotic: living organisms within an ecosystem

biotic: non-living organisms within an ecosystem