You have been asked to design a drug to inhibit BCR-ABL in an effort to treat CML. Using your knowledge of enzyme-catalyzed reactions and the BCR-ABL kinase, propose a drug development strategy to combat CML. (Regular Abl protein is regulated by other molecules. BRC-ABL has mutant kinase that leads to cancer.)

by designing a drug with steric effects on BCR-ABL1

Explanation:

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)  is a type of cancer that affects the bone marrow and blood cells. CML is characterized by the formation of the Philadelphia chromosome, a product of a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. As a consequence of this translocation, an oncoprotein tyrosine kinase called BCR-ABL1 is formed. This protein (BCR-ABL1) is responsible for 95% of all CMLs. In this case, it is possible to inhibit BCR-ABL1 (and thus inhibit CML cell proliferation) by using a kinase inhibitor. Kinase inhibitors are drugs that inhibit kinase function by preferentially binding to the inactive conformation of the target enzyme. These proteins are used to treat cancer by blocking a functional site on the kinase, thereby inhibiting its function. Moreover, it is known that steric effects alter the mode and rate by which a drug interacts with a given target. In this case, a small molecule with steric effects on BCR-ABL1, i.e., capable of altering the shape (conformation) and reactivity of BCR-ABL1, might also be used to selectively inhibit BCR-ABL1.

measuring light intensity

light meters can be used to measure light intensity. the meter is held at the soil surface and pointed in the direction of the maximum light intensity, and then the meter is read.

errors can be made when measuring light intensity by accidentally shading the light meter. the reliability of the results can be checked by taking many samples.