Why might it be important to monitor abiotic conditions in an estuary?

Which of the following observation darwin shape his concept of descent with modification? a) species diversity declines farther from the equator. b) fewer species live on islands than on the nearest continents. c) birds live on islands located farther from the mainland than the bird's maximum nonstop flight distance. d) south american temperate plants are more similar to the tropical plants of south america than to the temperate plants of europe. e) earthquakes reshape life by causing mass extinctions.

Match the correct terms to their descriptions a system in which only energy but not matter is exchanged frozen water in snow part of geosphere that includes only soil a thin layer between the troposphere and the stratosphere cryosphere tropopause closed system pedosphere

How does climate change affect producers?