Which recent discovery led to a new understanding of how genetic mutations increase the risk of cancer? double helix structure of DNA BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes nucleic acid monomers formation of tumor suppressor proteins

BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes

Explanation:

The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are tumor suppressor genes that encode breast cancer susceptibility proteins involved in repairing double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) by the mechanism of homologous recombination. This mechanism uses the sister chromatid of the homologous chromosome as template for repairing DSBs. It has been shown that mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes alter the molecular mechanism of homologous recombination DNA repair, thereby mutations are not repaired appropriately and persist in the DNA of tumor cells.

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