In a given hybridization between two flowers, red "r" is dominant, and white "r" is recessive. in a cross between two white-flowered plants, all of the offspring had white flowers. if a plant grower wanted to produce red flowers, what should s/he consider during breeding?
a) the breeder must introduce a plant that is homozygous dominant for white flowers.
b) the breeder must introduce at least one parent that is heterozygous for red flowers.
c) the breeder cannot manipulate the flower color. it would be best to begin with a different set of parent plants.
d) flower color variation would depend on mutations in this case; there is no other way to change flower color of this population of plants.

The correct answer is B. The breeder must introduce at least one parent that is heterozygous for red flowers.

On crossing two white-flowered plants, all of the offspring with white flowers are produced in F1 generation. This indicates that both the parent are homozygous recessive (rr) for white colour. Then, to produce offspring with red flowers, the breeder should consider at least one heterozygous for red flowers (Rr) parent for breeding. Thus, on crossing one heterozygous red-flowered (Rr) with one white-flowered plant (rr), the red and white offspring will be produced in the ratio 1:1.

a tetrad is the foursome during meiosis made by two homologous chromosomes that have each already replicated into a pair of sister chromatids.

water is a polar molecule. a chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms or ions. bonds form when atoms share or transfer valence electrons. atoms form chemical bonds to achieve a full outer energy level, which is the most stable arrangement of electrons. so, false

explanation:

in h2o molecule, two water molecules are bonded by a hydrogen bond but the bond between two h - o bonds within a water molecule are covalent. the greater the electronegativity difference, the more ionic the bond is. bonds that are partly ionic are called polar covalent bonds. nonpolar covalent bonds, with equal sharing of the bond electrons, arise when the electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.