An investigation was carried out over a five-year period to measure the effect of color on the survival of trout in a stream. The stream contained many brightly colored stones and food was plentiful. At the start of the investigation (year 0), 100 bright-colored trout and 100 drab-colored trout were placed into a section of the stream that had been blocked with netting. Investigators monitored the trout populations for five years and recorded the water condition each time a count was done. The data collected are shown in the table below. Year Bright colored trought Drab colored trought condition of water
0 100 100 clear
1 64 36 clear
2 86 25 clear
3 25 77 cloudy
4 14 86 cloudy
5 90 9 clear

How does this demonstrate that natural selection depends on the environment? This will be graded based on your overall claim and supporting statements, use of direct evidence from the data table, and your reasoning (CER).

Explanation:

In the given question, the data has been collected for the population of two variations of colour in trout against their environment.

Natural selection refers to a mechanism of evolution by which species evolve as a consequence of their environment.

From the data, we can predict that the brightly coloured trout have better chances of survival in the clear water as the number of individuals of bright-coloured trout is found to be high in clear water.

The number of darkly coloured trout is found to be high in cloudy water in the data which shows that the chances of survival of these trout are better in the cloudy water.

The trait which increases the reproductive fitness of the organism will pass on to their generations that is will be inherited.

This shows how the population of trouts have adapted to survive in a different environment or how nature selects the different variations of the population of trout.

d. changes in climate and historical records

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