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The second option: meiosis and fertilization

process A is meiosis, you can see that the gamete(haploid cell) results from the diploid cell. The gamete has n chromosomes(39), whereas the diploid cell has 2n(78)

process B is fertilization the two gametes(haploid) fuse together to form the zygote(diploid)

Explanation:

Process A allows the chromosome number in the dog cells to be reduced by half. This is only possible due to meiosis as it undergoes 2 phases of meiosis/cell division which is meiosis I and II. (From 2n to 4n to 2n to n)

(After mitosis, the chromosome number will remain constant even though DNA replication occured in S phase, as there is only 1 phase of mitosis/cell division, so from 2n to 4n back to 2n)

Process B allows the dog gamete cells to undergo fertilization and produce a zygote, therefore the chromosome number returns back to 2n.

(Pollination only occurs in plants, not in animals such as dogs and humans)

The correct answer is Meiosis and Fertilization.

the answer that best describes the relative refractory period in the neuron is the resting membrane potential is restored, but concentrations of sodium and potassium are not restored to their original state.

the refractory period is the time during which another stimulus given to the neuron will not lead to a second potential. thus, because na+ channels are inactivated during this time, additional depolarizing stimuli do not lead to new action potentials.  

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