Mrs Davis is admitted to the hospital after 5 days of vomiting. She has been unable to eat anything for that time period. Her usual weight is 126lb. On admission her weight is 118lb. Assessment reveals dry, cracked lips, poor skin turgor. BP= 88/72mm Hg, Pulse=102bpm, Respiratory rate (RR)=20, Temp = 38.6ºC. Urine output over the next 8 hours is 100ml.
Lab studies reveal: (Normal)
Serum Na+
= 126 mmol/L (135-146mmol/L)
Serum K+
= 2.9 mmol/L (3.5-5.0mmol/L)
Cl-
= 90 mmol/L (95-110mmol/L)
Creatinine = 0.17 mmol/L (0.05-0.12mmol/L)

1. the geologists have established a set of principals that can can be used o determine the relative ages of rock. this principal is applied to sedimentary and volcanic rocks. the rocks exposed to wall of grand canyon has layers and by studying the number of horizontal layers in the rock(strata) the relative age can be determined. the layer first formed will appear at the bottom and the the layer of strata last formed appear at the top. by using this information the approximate age of rocks can be determined.

2. carbon dating is used to find the relative age of rock in numbers which means for the rocks that has age between 1-70,000 years.

3. for the rocks of age range between 1,000 - billion of years potassium-argon dating is used.