What does the light reaction need to occur and what does it produce

if your own plato the answer is b. the fern transitioned from sporophyte generation to gametophyte generation.

affects the water bodies: excessive use of fertilizers causes eutrophication. the fertilizers which are used on plants affect the quality of land on which it is used, further causing erosion of soil. the fertilizers used on plants contain harmful chemical fumes which affect the environment.