Heart sounds can be detected by a trained physician or nurse to diagnose conditions associated with the heart and blood flow. The chart here shows the typical heart sounds (A) compared to atypical sounds that can be detected. A patient has been monitored and
detected to have a backward leakage of blood after the ventricle contracts. The sounds during the second half of the heartbeat are
normaL Evaluate which heart sound pattern and diagnosis matches with the description of the the irregular heart sounds detected
by the professional
This patient likely has mitral stenosis with subtle sounds being detected at
A)
the end of the heartbeat.
This patient likely has patent ductus arteriosus with irregular sounds
throughout the whole heartbeat
This patient likely has mitral regurgitation causing irregular sounds during
the systolic portion of the heartbeat.
This patient likely has aortic regurgitation causing irregular sounds during
the diastolic portion of the heartbeat.
B)
D)

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interphase

the period of cell growth when the cell synthesizes new molecules and organelles. the cell is not dividing and it constitutes the majority of the time spent in the cell cycle

prophase

changes occur in the nucleus and cytoplasm. the chromatin condenses to form structures (sister chromatids) visible with a light microscope and the mitotic spindle begins to form, but the nucleus is still in tact

prometaphase

the nuclear envelope fragments and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the sister chromatids

metaphase

all the cell's duplicated chromosomes are lined up at an imaginary plane equidistant between the poles of the mitotic spindle

anaphase

begins when sister chromatids separate from each other and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes arrives at each of the two poles of the cell

telophase

the daughter nuclei form at the two poles of a cell

cytokinesis

the division of a cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells. usually occurs during telophase during mitosis. this and mitosis make up to mitotic (m) phase of the cell cycle

high growth (apex)