Both primary and secondary succession begin with pioneer species that - A. change the area and make it safer from predatory organisms.

B. invade the area so that new organisms cannot be established.

C. modify the area and allow larger and more complex organisms to appear. ,

D. use up all the existing resources and prevent the establishment of non-native organisms.

B.

is answer

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explanation:

the fossil record extends back to a dog-like ancestor some 55 million years ago, which gave rise to the first horse-like species 55 to 42 million years ago in the genus eohippus.

the diploid number of chromosomes is sometimes represented by the symbol 2n. for the fruit fly, the diploid number is 8, which can be written as 2n = 8, where n represents twice the number of chromosomes in a sperm or egg cell.