Describe how ATP synthase produces ATP.

so it spins the hydrogen molecules to make the ATP

Explanation:

it occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. The electrons drop off the energy and the hydrogen atoms are moving through the Protein channels/pumps. after that the NADH turns into nad+ and the fadh2 turns into fad. these then go back to the citric acid cycle to get the electrons back. (known as electron carriers) the hydrogen molecules get pumped up to the inner membrane space which would be active transport since we are going from low to high concentrations. the hydrogen molecules go down the atp synthase which spins to make the atp. this would be passive transport since its moving from high to low concentrations.

i would go with b

cytokinesis occurs after telophase so that eliminates d

and the entire reason for cytokinesis is for cellular reproduction