Horizontal gene transfer only occurs between prokaryotic organisms.

a. True
b. False

The given statement is false.

Explanation:

The lateral gene transfer of the horizontal gene transfer refers to the movement of the genetic substance between the multicellular and unicellular organisms other than by the vertical transmission of DNA to the offspring from the parent. Horizontal gene transfer is essential for evolution in several organisms. The mechanism is common among the prokaryotes like bacteria and is accountable for bacterial drug resistance.

On the evaluation of certain sequences of DNA, it has come to know that horizontal gene transfer also takes place in eukaryotes from the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes to the nuclear genome. One of the examples is that plants possess the tendency of getting genetic information from viruses.

this is a good question! i'll do some research and come back when i have the answer!

passive transport is a movement of biochemicals and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes without need of energy input. unlike active transport, it does not require an input of cellular energy because it is instead driven by the tendency of the system to grow in entropy.

so, according to what that says, i believe it's hypertonic and hypotonic.

good luck!