Neurons are cells of the nervous system. As part of its normal function, a neuron pumps sodium ions (Na + ) out of the cell and potassium ions (K + ) into the cell. Which statement describes the role of energy in this process?

a. The process releases energy that is used to make ATP.

b. The process releases energy in the form of heat.

c. The process requires energy that is provided by the sodium and potassium ions.

d. The process requires energy that is provided by ATP.

Thank you! :)

D. The process requires energy that is provided by ATP.

Explanation:

Neurons use a pump called the sodium-potassium pump, which normally pumps sodium ions out of the cell and pumps potassium ions into the cell.

This pump goes against the concentration gradient to create the resting membrane potential.

Since the pump goes against the concentration gradient, it requires energy, because it is not passive diffusion.

So, D is the correct answer, as the process requires ATP energy.

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