1. what is the difference between P waves and S waves? 2. How do you determine the difference between when a P wave and an S wave arrives at a seismogram location?

P waves travels faster than S waves.

Explanation:

P waves travels faster than S waves.  It can travel through any kind of material but s waves only travel through solid medium.  P waves are smaller in size than s waves.  P waves are the first waves to hit seismographs while the s waves are the second wave arrive at a seismogram location, so we can say that the wave which reach first at a seismogram location is the P waves. The speed of the wave shows which wave arrive first at a seismogram location.

2%? i tried finding the exact sorry if it's not 100% correct ; -;

there are so many examples for that in different areas, like biology experiment carried out in our lab recently.

here's one link: