2) Explain how independent assortment and crossing over contribute to genetic diversity.

there are so many examples for that in different areas, like biology experiment carried out in our lab recently.

here's one link:

during the process of dna replication, brdu can replace thymidine and incorporate into the newly synthesized dna, cell proliferation thus can be reflected in the extent of brdu incorporation.

the fossil record provides evidence of a common ancestor to many species.

he forelimbs below belong to four species that descended in a direct line from the ancestral mammal shown above. of the four descendants shown, which species most likely appeared earliest in evolutionary history?