3. How does energy from Earth's core transfer through the geosphere?

Heat flow is the transfer of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object. Energy from the sun reaches Earth by radiation. Energy is transferred through the oceans, the atmosphere, and the geosphere by convection. Energy is transferred between the geosphere and the atmosphere by conduction.

step 1: nitrogen fixation- conversion of atmospheric no₂ into forms useful to plants by lightning, bacteria, and cyanobacteria.

step 2: nitrification-process of converting ammonia to nitrite or nitrate.

step 3: assimilation-plant roots absorb new form of nitrogen.

step 4: ammonification-conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia by bacteria involved in decomposition.

step 5: denitrification-bacteria turns the decomposed matter back into n₂o, which is released into atmosphere; repeat cycle.