Carbon's valence is .

Carbon's valence is ±4.

Explanation:

Valency corresponds to the group;

Group 1 has valency +1

Group 2 has valency +2

Group 3 has valency +3

Group 4 has valency ±4

Group 5 has valency -3

Group 6 has valency -2

Group 7 has valency -1

Group 8 has valency 0

The valency refers to how many bonds an atom will make in forming a molecule/compound;

This is also referred to as the combining power of an atom.

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he forelimbs below belong to four species that descended in a direct line from the ancestral mammal shown above. of the four descendants shown, which species most likely appeared earliest in evolutionary history?