Which method of determining salinity is least likely to be used by current oceanographers? A. Determining salinity based on measurements of the chloride ion
B. Determining salinity based on refraction of light
C. Determining salinity based on satellite observations
D. Determining salinity based on electrical conductivity of seawater using a CTD

you didn't give any options but heres what i can tell you: an inference is likely to change based on additional observations. the latter is something that you have seen or sensed using your sensory organs while the former is like a conclusion out from what you have observed.

the correct answer is d

for example, no new evidence will demonstrate that the earth does not orbit around the sun (heliocentric theory), or that living things are not made of cells (cell theory), that matter is not composed of atoms, or that the surface of the earth is not divided into solid plates that have moved over geological timescales .

which fault and or fold did you find most difficult to diagram