Sophia learns that the chromosomes in reproductive cells undergo a process called “crossing over,” which allows for greater genetic variation in the reproductive cells. She constructs a partial model, as shown, to illustrate the process of crossing over.

i might be wrong but i think its a. let me know if i’m right and have a good rest of your day!

when the displaced particles are perpendicular to the direction the wave travels, is called a transverse wave, whereas in longitudinal wave the displace practices are parallel to the direction of the wave.

in the given image:

first image shows - longitudinal wave

second image shows - transverse wave

third image shows - longitudinal wave

fourth image shows - longitudinal wave

igneous rocks which formed by the crystallization of magma at the surface of the earth called extrusive rocks. they are characterized by fine-grained textures because the rapid cooling at or near the surface did not provide enough time for large crystals to grow.