1. What are three specific examples of organic matter?
2. What kind of organic matter could you find on a forest floor versus on a desert floor.
3. Is organic matter generally darker or lighter than soil when we are referring to color.
4. What do we use the soil texture triangle and what does it tell us, specifically?
5. Search for a picture of a 'soil texture triangle. What do the numbers on the side of the triangle mean?
6. We know soil should be 25% air in composition, how does soil compaction affect the soil and what are some ways
you can think of that we can bring air back into the soil?
7. There was a short introduction on soil profiles in this reading. After reading the introduction, what do you know
about a soil profile?

1. Dead plants, animal carcasses, compost.

2. You would find plenty of dead leaves and bones on the forest floor, while the desert floor would be very low in organic matter and would contain a higher majority of sand.

3. Organic matter is generally darker when referring to color. This is why the humus layer, or the final stage in the decomposition of organic waste, is black.

4. The soil texture triangle is used to help visualize and understand the meaning behind soil texture names. It tells us specifically what textures soils may be depending on the percentage of sand, silt, and clay in each.

5. The numbers on the side of the triangle relate to the percentage of clay, silt, and sand in the soil.

6. Soil compaction can prevent water drainage, slow microorganism population growth, and suffocate and stunt plants. Air can be brought back to the soil by using an aeration tool, or by introducing burrowing animals and plants with heavy roots. Aeration tools reduce compaction in soil, while rooted plants and burrowing animals create pores that allow air and water to drain into it.

7. (I can't 100% answer this question because it is apart of the reading that I don't have access to but I'll give it a shot) A soil profile is the arrangement of soil horizons that make up the various layers in the soil. We observe and describe soil horizons and soil profiles to help classify and interpret the type and uses of soils.

4.) metal

"-the movement of carbon from the nonliving environment into living things and back to the environment

-carbon is the essential component of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates (which make up all organisms)

-carbon exists in air, water, and living organisms

-producers convert carbon dioxide in the atmosphere into carbohydrates during photosynthesis

-bacteria in the atmosphere cycles through the system in filtration units

-in cellular respiration, carbon is released back into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide

-some carbon is stored in limestone (forming one of the largest "carbon sinks" on earth)

-largest carbon reservoir on earth= limestone

-carbon stored in the bodies of organisms as fat, oils, or other molecules may be released into the soil or air when the organism dies

-this may form deposits of coal, oil, or natural gas (fossil fuels, which increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide)

-fossil fuels store carbon left over from bodies of organisms that died millions of years ago

-they are located in the surface of earth, deep within the earth and beneath the ocean floor."