Many essential nutrients are transported into plant cells through cotransport with H­+, which flows back into the cytoplasm. Proton pumps in the cell membrane of plant cells actively pump H+ into the extracellular space using energy from ATP hydrolysis. If a toxin that inhibits the plant proton pump is applied, which of the following would be true?

The sodium-potassium pump would cease to operate.
There would be more potential energy outside the cell than inside.
The electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane would be depolarized.
The cotransport of solutes against their concentration gradients would be enhanced.