Which of the following are common traits of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Could someone me with number one you

According to theories of how life began, how did early organic molecules begin to separate from the outside world? a: specialized enzymes were required b: chains of amino acids created a barrier c: formation of microspheres or vesicles d: rna catalyzed the formation of membranes

Refer to the family pedigree shown here. in generation i, one parent is affected by the gene mutation and one parent isn't. in generation ii, all three children are affected by the gene mutation. what can you conclude about this gene mutation? a. all children born in future generations will be affected by this disorder. b. this gene mutation is a dominant disorder. c. this gene mutation is a recessive disorder. d. the generation i mother is a carrier of this gene mutation.