1.How are scientists able to use fossils of extinct organisms as evidence? a)Fossils show exactly how all extinct organisms are related to all organisms alive today.
b)Fossils provide weak evidence and are rarely used to show ancestry and relationships to present-day organisms.
c)Fossils can help scientists trace physical changes and compare how organisms looked over time.
d)Fossils that are deeper in the earth provide better evidence than fossils that are found closer to the surface.

2.Fossils in layers of rock are generally estimated to be than fossils found in the upper layers.

a)older, younger
b)newer, younger
c)older, older
d)newer, older

3.Geologic time is a way to .

a)measure the size of Earth over time
b)measure the sequence of events on Earth over time
c)determine natural processes
d)determine common ancestry in fossils

4.Which of the following statements proves that new discoveries can change the current understanding of scientific knowledge?

a)Ötzi the Iceman changed the scientific idea of how matter are fossilized.
b)Ötzi the Iceman gave information about the effect of ice on decomposed matter.
c)The hadrosaur in North Dakota proved that information in fossils are unreliable.
d)The hadrosaur, nicknamed Dakota, provided evidence about the correct dimensions of the hadrosaur.

5.New evidence can lead to a change in scientific knowledge.

a)True
b)False

6.While visiting the Grand Canyon, you observe the exposed layers of rock in the valley. What natural process most likely caused the valley to form?

a)Deposition
b)Chemical weathering
c)Oxidation
d)Erosion