The field of is a thoroughly modern discipline that has led to new ways to treat infectious disease. A) recombinant DNA technology
B) epidemiology
C) immunology
D) serology
E) biochemistry

A

Explanation:

The field of recombinant DNA technology is a thoroughly modern discipline that has led to new ways to treat infectious diseases.

Recombinant DNA technology involves the process of combining DNA of different organisms and inserting such in a host organism in order to elicit desirable genetic characters that could be of value to different fields in science.

The fields in which recombinant DNA technology has found applications include agriculture, medicine, and industrial productions. With this technology, new drugs and methods of treating diseases have been developed in the area of medicine, disease-resistant crop varieties have been developed in agriculture, and important chemicals for production have been developed in industries.

Correct option: A

d.

explanation:

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.