What is the term for the interior posterior surface of the eyeball that includes the retina, optic disc, macula and posterior pole that can be seen with an ophthalmoscope

Fundus.

Explanation:

The fundus or ophthalmoscopy consists of viewing the retina and the optic disc through the pupil and the transparent media of the eyeball (cornea, aqueous humor, crystalline humor, and vitreous humor) including the optic disc, retinal vessels, macular area and fundus as a whole. It is an important component of the clinical evaluation of many diseases and is the only location where the vascular bed can be observed in vivo in a bloodless manner. The direct ophthalmoscope is available to perform it in Primary Care (PC) consultations and in other specialties, this is an optical instrument that directs light directly onto the retina through a mirror that reflects a ray from the light source. This mirror has a central hole that allows the observer to view the illuminated retina. The major retinal vessels are examined and tracked distally as far as possible in each of the four quadrants (superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal). The color, tortuosity, and caliber of the vessels are examined. The posterior pole is between the temporal vascular arches, measures 5-6 mm, and is where most of the lesions in diabetic retinopathy are located, such as microaneurysms, hemorrhages or exudates.