Make an inference about what happens to the matter and energy during the formation and breakdown of a complex carbohydrate molecules? When is energy stored or released?

The formation or construction of (larger) molecules from smaller chemical units is known as anabolism. Anabolic reactions are energy consuming or endogernic reactions and are the aspect of metabolism that involve building or constructing. For example in photosynthesis reaction, plant combine smaller molecules of carbon dioxide and water, with the absorption of energy from the Sun's to form sugar, as follows;

6CO₂ (g) + 6H₂O (l) C₆H₁₂O₆ (s) + 6O₂ (g)

In the (reverse) process of catabolism, energy is obtained (released) from the breakdown of larger and more complex carbohydrate molecule, which may be through aerobic (involving oxygen) with the release of energy (in the form of ATP)

The cathabolic decomposition of one gram of carbohydrate can yield 4 kcal of energy

C₆H₁₂O₆  → 6CO₂ (g) + 6H₂O (l) + energy

Therefore;

Energy is consumed during building up or formation of larger carbohydrate molecules from smaller ones and

Energy is released when such large carbohydrate molecules are decomposed (broken down) into smaller molecular units

Explanation:

lysosome is this part of the cell is surrounded by a very thick outer membrane to protect the rest of the cell from its strong enzymes.

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.