How to scientists determine if an outbreak occurs?

PulseNet uses DNA fingerprinting, or patterns of bacteria making people sick, to detect thousands of local and multistate outbreaks. It can take several weeks from the ay the person became ill to the day the results of fingerprinting the bacteria are added to the PulseNet database.

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the answer that best describes the relative refractory period in the neuron is the resting membrane potential is restored, but concentrations of sodium and potassium are not restored to their original state.

the refractory period is the time during which another stimulus given to the neuron will not lead to a second potential. thus, because na+ channels are inactivated during this time, additional depolarizing stimuli do not lead to new action potentials.  

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i believe it is "they are not used up by reactions" as the answer to your question, text me back if this is correct because i just learned this.