a) Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek is considered to be the first microbiologist. His work was completed before Pasteur's. He was the first to use microcscopes to observe and describe single-celled organisms, which he originally referred to as animalcules, and which we now refer to as microorganisms. How did Van Leeuwenhoek's work provide the basis for Pasteur’s work on disproving the theory of spontaneous generation? (4 points)

Explanation:

The spontenous genrration theory states that living organisms can be spwan without descent of similar organisms; so in other words, it is possible for living creatures could arise from nonliving matter such as water. Similarily in 1676 Van Leeuwenhoek discovered tiny organisms living in his cup of water- the first bacteria observed by man. Pasteur's spontenous generation theory came into the limelight after his most noteable experiment in 1859; in which he boiled meat broth in down ward tipped flasks. It is importnat to note that the tip of the flask (the neck) is what prevented particles to fall freely and instead the bent neck allowed air to travel through the flask- if the flask were to be tilted on its side the particles would seep into the broth and create a cloud within the flask. Pastuer further decided to boil the broth to possible create bacietia. Boiling the broth exposed the contents to air vessels which contained a filter to stop the particles from seeping thorugh into the broth.  What Pastueru concurred from his experminet was that flasks with filters and no filters that did not allow the particles to pass into the medium of the flask, were unsucessful with createing bacteria life. Thus, Pasteur found that noithing  grew in the flasks unless they were broke open, disapproving that living organisms could be spotenously generated within the broth, was instead created from outside the inards of the flask- and were created as spores or dust.

the principles and empirical processes of discovery and demonstration considered characteristic of or necessary for scientific investigation, generally involving the observation of phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis concerning the phenomena, experimentation to test the hypothesis, and development of a conclusion that confirms, rejects, or modifies the hypothesis.

d. organisms have cells with different shapes and functions.