To further investigate the nature of Athlete 2’s condition, you perform five additional tests. You use a normal XY male as a control in all cases. You look for internal testes using ultrasound.
You prescribe a physical exam to look for signs of partial masculinization.
You test the ability of Athlete 2’s AR to bind testosterone.
You test the ability of Athlete 2’s AR-testosterone complex to translocate to the nucleus.
You test the ability of Athlete 2’s AR to bind target DNA sequences once it has bound testosterone.
Your results are summarized in the table.
Ultrasound exam for testes development Physical exam for masculinization AR-testosterone binding assay AR-testosterone nucleus translocation assay AR-DNA binding assay
Control XY male Testes present Normal masculinization Normal binding Normal translocation to nucleus Normal binding
Athlete 2 Testes present No masculinization Normal binding Normal translocation to nucleus No binding detected
Use your test results to indicate which steps of sexual development occurred in Athlete 2, and which ones did not. Use the green check mark to indicate that a step occurred. Use the red X to indicate that a step did not occur.