Walk through the process for how nucleotides and ribose are made and show how these come together to make ATP used for DNA replication.
Instructions:
Using what you learned, walk through ATP production, and regeneration (ATP synthase). You must start from glucose and CO2 as your starting materials, everything else must be made from these compounds.

Nucleotide formation occurs when it is in a phosphoric acid molecule and a nitrogenous base to the pentose, the phosphate binds to carbon 5 and the base to carbon 1. If the pentose is ribose, a deoxyribonucleotide ribonucleotide is formed and if the sugar is deoxyribose.

The ribonucleotide names are opened as follows: NMPdNMP, where N represents any of the five bases.

Explanation:

Nucleotides are organic molecules formed by the covalent attachment of a five-carbon monosaccharide (pentose), a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. The nucleoside is the part of the nucleotide specifically made up of the nitrogenous base and the pentose.

They are the monomers of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) in which they form linear chains of miles or millions of nucleotides, but also important functions as free molecules (for example, ATP or GTP)

The pentose can be ribose, in which case the nucleotide is called ribonucleotide, or deoxyribose that forms deoxyribonucleotides. In deoxyribose, the OH of carbon 2 has been replaced by an H, the ribose has an OH at that carbon atom

it provides an alternative energy pathway for the reaction to proceed.

a catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but is not consumed during the course of the reaction.

catalysts increase the rate of reaction without being used up. they do this by lowering the activation energy needed. with a catalyst, more collisions result in a reaction, so the rate of reaction increases. different reactions need different catalysts.

a catalyst works by providing an alternative reaction pathway to the reaction product. the rate of the reaction is increased as this alternative route has a lower activation energy than the reaction route not mediated by the catalyst.