Which statement accurately describes how identification of individuals through the use of genetic engineering is possible?

a. the y chromosome doesn't experience crossing-over.
b. the x chromosome can only be passed from a father to his son.
c. the dna in mitochondria is passed from mother to child in the nucleus of a cell.
d. the mitochondria dna in a mother and her offspring vary greatly.

The answer is A. The Y chromosome doesn't experience crossing-over.

The crossover of chromosomes is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. In males, X and Y chromosomes pairs but they cannot exchange genetic material except at the ends of the chromosomes called pseudoautosomal regions. So, greatly, the Y chromosome  doesn't experience crossing-over.

Through the process of elimination:
B. A mother gives X chromosome and a father gives Y chromosome to the son.
C. The mitochondria cannot be passed in the nucleus of a cell since it is another organelle.
D. It is thought that mitochondria is passed only from mother to her offspring, so they cannot vary greatly.