In imagining the evolution of ATP synthase as a key component of the chloroplast endosymbiont, describe when you think the key elements proposed in lecture and your book must have been working during the process of creating a functional endosymbiont. Were the evolution of the two kinds of proton pumps a necessary precondition? Give three other changes in the chloroplast that might have contributed to the productive symbiotic relationship between the host and the chloroplast.

How does deforestation affect the water cycle? a. it increases the amount of runoff b. it increases the amount of percolation c. it increases the amount of transpiration d. it increases the amount of precipitationa it increases the amount of runoff

Loss of protected health information collected for research should be directly reported to:

Plz genetic engineering can be applied to many fields including medicine and agriculture. which of the following is a medical application of genetic engineering? a. giving crop plants recombinant dna so that they would be resistant to herbicides. b. examining a persons pedigree to determine whether they can carry a gene for a genetic disease. c. analyzing a persons dna to see how closely they are related to another person. d. certain genes into bacteria so that they will produce a needed medicine.