What type of mutation is responsible for new variations (alleles) of a trait

The product of mutation is called mutant and could be genotype cell, a polypeptide chain or an individual. Mutations are responsible for the origin of new traits in the race and therefore the mutations are the source of all variations. ... Thus the point or gene mutation means the process by which new alleles of a gene are produced. The smallest part of gene that can mutate is called a muton.

regents of the university of california v. bakke, 438 u.s. 265 (1978), was a landmark decision by the supreme court of the united states. it upheld affirmative action, allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy.