One method of identifying specific chunks of DNA involves chopping up an entire strand of DNA and then inserting each chunk into a different bacterial cell. The bacterial cells divide into small colonies. Each of these colonies contains a different segment of the original DNA strand, so together they are known as a

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DNA library
nucleic acid hybrid
polymerase chain reaction

he geneticist takes samples from these colonies and then exposes those samples to radioactively labeled fragments of DNA or RNA known as

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probes
DNA libraries
primers