What is the effect of differential reproduction over time?How is the sickle-cell allele maintained through natural selection?

Differential reproduction leads to a change in allele frequencies over time. This occurs because of natural selection favoring "successful" individuals that produce more viable offspring.

The sickle-cell allele is maintained in populations exposed to malaria through balancing selection, since heterozygous individuals have protection against the disease.

image result for describe the various types of gene mutationsghr.nlm.nih.gov

the types of mutations include: missense mutation: this type of mutation is a change in one dna base pair that results in the substitution of one amino acid for another in the protein made by a gene. nonsense mutation: a nonsense mutation is also a change in one dna base pair.

explanation:

explanation:

on disadvantage of hydroelectric power is the cost. another disadvantage of using hydroelectric power is finding a water source powerful enough to harvest hydroelectric power.