Many bacteria cannot easily be cultured from their natural habitat. Usually that is because those cells normally obtain a necessary metabolite from a host organism (or other member of the microbial community) and can no longer synthesize that requirement for themselves. Examples of such growth factors include all of the following except .A. amino acids (such as cysteine and proline). B. vitamins (such as riboflavin and thiamine). C. hormone-like peptides produced by other microbes. D. adenosine triphosphate. E. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and derivatives.

Explanation:

D. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Adenosine triphosphate is the energy currency of the cell. It is produced within the cell in the mitochondrial membrane. It stores energy in the bonds and utilizes it for carrying out various metabolic functions.

A bacteria can obtain amino acids, vitamins, hormones , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and derivatives from its host but the ATP will  be synthesized within  it. So, all the given factors can be obtained from host except ATP.

the oceanic zone is typically defined as the area of the ocean lying beyond the continental shelf, but operationally is often referred to as beginning where the water depths drop to below 100 meters (328 feet), seaward from the coast to the open ocean.

explanation: