Scientists discovered that the difference between blond and dark hair comes down in part to a single nucleotide difference in the DNA sequence of an enhancer that lies more than 350,000 base pairs away from the gene it controls. On average, blonds transcribe this gene less efficiently than people with dark hair. How can a tiny difference in a distant enhancer make a blond?

Why should the united state be concerned about air pollution in china?

What kind of seafood would you expect to have the highest levels of mercury and why? kelp, because they use the sun to photosynthesize on the bottom trophic level. oysters, because they filter feed on plankton on a lower trophic level. small fish, because they eat plankton on a higher trophic level. sharks, because they feed on organisms on a higher trophic level.

Over the past 60 years, many amphibian species have experienced significant population declines and some species have become extinct. scientists suspected that local human activities such as the destruction of wetlands, regional pollution, and deforestation were the main reasons for these losses. however, research over the past 20 years reveals significant amphibian population declines in protected areas of the world, such as nature preserves and parks. these global declines suggest widespread problems including increased ultraviolet radiation, acid rain, and disease. in switzerland, for example, 14 of the 20 native amphibian species are threatened with extinction. chytridiomycosis is a fungal disease first identified in 1998 as a cause of massive amphibian deaths. in some severely impacted populations, a few individuals have survived, perhaps because of some natural resistance. if these resistant individuals continue to survive and prosper, new resistant populations might emerge. this would be an example of the founder effect artificial selection genetic drift natural selection sexual selection