Marie is a 63-year-old African American woman from the Midwest. She is lactose intolerant and prefers staying indoors as opposed to going outside. Lately, she has had terrible bone and joint pain and a recent checkup confirms that Marie is deficient in vitamin D and has a disease called:

Osteoporosis

Explanation:

Osteoporosis occurs when the bones become porous i.e less dense and weak. This can led to fracture of the bones because of the brittle nature of the bones. Deficiency in vitamin D as well as deficiency in calcium can result to osteoporosis in the elderly.

In the case of Marie, she is lactose intolerance, meaning she is most likely not to be consuming milk which contains a high quantity of calcium needed for bone development. So also, it was said she prefers staying indoors than going outside, meaning she has no access to sunlight which contains vitamin D. These factors could jointly influence the appearance of osteoporosis.

explanation:

b,bacteria convert nitrates

into nitrogen gas.

d,plants and animals take in

and use nitrogen compounds.

e,bacteria break down waste    

products and return nitrogen  

to the soil.

a,bacteria convert atmospheric

nitrogen to ammonia.

c,bacteria convert ammonia

to nitrites and nitrates.

well, that's easy; the answer's c, "it reduces contamination of the water and substrate of the estuary."